India and China account for more than half of the world's premature deaths due to air pollution, a new report on Tuesday said.
Noting that India's lives lost to the tiny particulate matter (PM) is "approaching" China's numbers, the 'State of Global Air 2017' report said that among the 10 most populous countries and the European Union (EU), Bangladesh and India have the highest exposure to PM2.5, the "steepest" rise since 2010.
Globally, there was 60 per cent rise in ozone-attributable deaths, with 67 per cent of this increase occurring in India, it said. The 'State of Global Air 2017' is the first of a new series of annual reports and accompanying interactive website designed by Health Effects Institute in cooperation with the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington and University of British Columbia.
"In 2015, long-term exposure to PM2.5 contributed to 4.2 million deaths and to a loss of 103 million years of healthy life. China and India together accounted for 52 per cent of the total global deaths attributable to PM2.5," it said.
Also, it found that increasing exposure and a growing and ageing population have meant that India now rivals China for the highest air pollution health burdens in the world, with both countries facing some 1.1 million early deaths due to it in 2015. According to the report, while 1,108,100 deaths were attributed to PM2.5 exposure in China in 2015, in India, it was 1,090,400. Around 92 per cent of the world's population lives in areas with "unhealthy" air.
"Bangladesh and India have experienced the steepest rise in air pollution levels since 2010 and now have the highest PM2.5 concentrations among the countries. Among the world's 10 most populous countries and the EU, the biggest increase (14 to 25 per cent) in seasonal average population-weighted concentrations of ozone over the last 25 years were experienced in China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Brazil," it said.
China, India, Bangladesh, and Japan increases in exposure, combined with increases in population growth and ageing, resulted in net increases in attributable mortality.
Meanwhile, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India had PM2.5 attributable Disability Adjusted Life Years rates that were 5 to 10 times the lowest rates, which were found in the US and Japan.
